Commercial Asphalt Roof: A Comprehensive Guide
Asphalt roofing is a widely popular and versatile choice for commercial buildings, offering a balance of affordability, durability, and aesthetic appeal. This comprehensive guide delves into the intricacies of commercial asphalt roofing, covering various types, benefits, installation processes, maintenance tips, and cost considerations to help you make informed decisions for your commercial property.
Understanding Asphalt Roofing for Commercial Properties
When it comes to protecting your commercial investment, the roof is arguably the most critical component. It shields your building from the elements, regulates temperature, and contributes significantly to the overall structural integrity. Choosing the right roofing material is paramount, and asphalt shingles have consistently proven to be a reliable and cost-effective option for commercial applications.
What is Commercial Asphalt Roofing?
Commercial asphalt roofing encompasses a range of asphalt-based roofing products specifically designed and manufactured for use on commercial buildings. These products are engineered to withstand the unique demands of larger, often flatter or low-sloped, roofs commonly found on commercial properties. Compared to residential asphalt shingles, commercial-grade shingles typically offer increased durability, enhanced weather resistance, and longer lifespans.
Types of Asphalt Roofing for Commercial Buildings
The world of commercial asphalt roofing offers a diverse selection of materials, each with its own characteristics and benefits. Understanding these different types will empower you to choose the optimal roofing solution for your specific needs and budget:
1. Built-Up Roofing (BUR)
Built-Up Roofing (BUR) is a traditional flat roofing system composed of multiple layers of asphalt and reinforcing fabrics, such as fiberglass or felt. These layers are applied in alternating fashion, creating a robust and waterproof membrane. The top layer is typically finished with gravel or mineral granules for added protection against UV radiation and foot traffic. BUR systems are known for their durability, fire resistance, and relatively low cost, making them a popular choice for large commercial buildings with flat or low-sloped roofs. However, installation can be labor-intensive, and the system’s weight may require additional structural support.
2. Modified Bitumen Roofing
Modified Bitumen roofing is a single-ply or multi-ply roofing system that utilizes asphalt modified with polymers, such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) or atactic polypropylene (APP). These modifications enhance the asphalt’s flexibility, elasticity, and resistance to temperature fluctuations. Modified bitumen membranes are typically reinforced with fiberglass or polyester mats for added strength and tear resistance. They can be applied using various methods, including torch-applied, self-adhered, or cold-applied systems. Modified bitumen roofing offers excellent waterproofing, durability, and ease of installation compared to BUR, making it a popular choice for commercial buildings with low-sloped roofs.
SBS Modified Bitumen
SBS modified bitumen is known for its rubber-like properties, providing excellent flexibility and resistance to cracking, especially in cold climates. It is often used in areas with significant temperature variations.
APP Modified Bitumen
APP modified bitumen offers enhanced UV resistance and is often used in warmer climates. It is also known for its ease of application using a torch-down method.
3. Asphalt Shingle Roofing
While traditionally associated with residential applications, asphalt shingles are also suitable for some commercial buildings, particularly those with steeper slopes. Architectural or dimensional shingles, which are thicker and more durable than traditional three-tab shingles, are commonly used in commercial settings. They offer a wide range of aesthetic options and can enhance the curb appeal of your building. Asphalt shingle roofing is relatively easy to install and maintain, making it a cost-effective option for smaller commercial properties with pitched roofs.
4. Cold-Applied Asphalt Roofing
Cold-applied asphalt roofing systems utilize liquid asphalt emulsions or adhesives that can be applied without the need for heating or torches. These systems are environmentally friendly and safe to install, as they eliminate the risk of fire hazards associated with hot asphalt applications. Cold-applied systems are often used for repairs, maintenance, and restoration of existing asphalt roofs. They can also be used as a base layer for other roofing systems, providing added waterproofing and protection.
Factors to Consider When Choosing a Commercial Asphalt Roofing System
Selecting the right asphalt roofing system for your commercial building requires careful consideration of several factors. By evaluating these aspects, you can ensure that you choose a roofing solution that meets your specific needs and provides long-lasting protection:
1. Roof Slope
The slope of your roof is a primary determinant of the type of asphalt roofing system you can use. Flat or low-sloped roofs typically require BUR or modified bitumen roofing, while steeper slopes can accommodate asphalt shingles. Understanding your roof’s slope is crucial for selecting a compatible and effective roofing system.
2. Climate
The climate in your region plays a significant role in the performance of your asphalt roof. In areas with extreme temperature fluctuations, modified bitumen roofing with SBS modification is recommended for its flexibility and resistance to cracking. In warmer climates, APP modified bitumen offers enhanced UV resistance. Consider the specific weather conditions in your area when selecting your roofing material.
3. Budget
Your budget is an important consideration when choosing a commercial asphalt roofing system. BUR is typically the most affordable option, while modified bitumen and asphalt shingles may be more expensive. However, it’s important to consider the long-term costs, including maintenance and lifespan, when evaluating different roofing options. A slightly more expensive system with a longer lifespan and lower maintenance requirements may ultimately be more cost-effective.
4. Building Use
The use of your building can also influence your roofing choice. For example, if your building houses sensitive equipment or materials that require strict temperature and humidity control, you may need a roofing system with superior insulation properties. Consider the specific requirements of your building and its occupants when selecting your roofing material.
5. Energy Efficiency
If energy efficiency is a priority, consider choosing a roofing system with reflective coatings or insulation layers. These features can help reduce heat gain in the summer and heat loss in the winter, lowering your energy bills and improving the comfort of your building. Cool roofing systems can reflect sunlight and reduce the temperature of your roof surface, leading to significant energy savings.
6. Aesthetics
While functionality is paramount, the aesthetic appeal of your roof should not be overlooked. Asphalt shingles offer a wide range of colors and styles, allowing you to enhance the curb appeal of your building. Choose a roofing system that complements the overall architecture of your building and reflects your brand image.
Benefits of Commercial Asphalt Roofing
Commercial asphalt roofing offers a multitude of benefits that make it a compelling choice for property owners. Here are some of the key advantages:
1. Cost-Effectiveness
Asphalt roofing is one of the most affordable roofing materials available, making it a budget-friendly option for commercial buildings. The initial cost of materials and installation is typically lower than other roofing systems, such as metal or tile roofing.
2. Durability and Longevity
Commercial-grade asphalt roofing is designed to withstand the rigors of the commercial environment. It can resist wind, rain, snow, and hail, providing long-lasting protection for your building. With proper maintenance, an asphalt roof can last for 20-30 years or even longer.
3. Weather Resistance
Asphalt roofing provides excellent weather resistance, protecting your building from the elements. It is waterproof and can prevent leaks and water damage. Modified bitumen roofing, in particular, offers exceptional resistance to temperature fluctuations and UV radiation.
4. Ease of Installation
Asphalt roofing is relatively easy to install, which can help reduce labor costs. Experienced roofing contractors can quickly and efficiently install asphalt roofing systems, minimizing disruption to your business operations.
5. Low Maintenance
Asphalt roofing requires minimal maintenance, saving you time and money. Regular inspections and minor repairs can help extend the lifespan of your roof and prevent costly problems.
6. Fire Resistance
Asphalt roofing has a good fire resistance rating, providing added protection for your building and its occupants. Fire-resistant asphalt shingles can help slow the spread of fire and provide valuable time for evacuation.
7. Aesthetic Appeal
Asphalt roofing offers a wide range of colors, styles, and textures, allowing you to customize the appearance of your building. Architectural shingles can mimic the look of more expensive roofing materials, such as slate or wood shakes, enhancing the curb appeal of your property.
Commercial Asphalt Roof Installation: A Step-by-Step Guide
Proper installation is crucial for ensuring the long-term performance and durability of your commercial asphalt roof. The following steps provide a general overview of the installation process. It’s essential to hire a qualified and experienced roofing contractor for proper installation:
1. Roof Inspection and Preparation
Before installation begins, the roofing contractor will thoroughly inspect the existing roof structure to identify any damage or weaknesses. The old roofing materials will be removed, and the roof deck will be cleaned and repaired as needed. Any rotted or damaged wood will be replaced to ensure a solid and stable base for the new roof.
2. Underlayment Installation
An underlayment, typically made of felt paper or synthetic material, is installed over the roof deck to provide an additional layer of protection against moisture. The underlayment is applied in overlapping rows, starting from the bottom of the roof and working upwards. This helps to prevent water from penetrating the roof deck in case of shingle damage or leaks.
3. Drip Edge Installation
A drip edge, typically made of metal, is installed along the edges of the roof to prevent water from running behind the fascia and damaging the underlying structure. The drip edge is fastened to the roof deck using nails or screws.
4. Flashing Installation
Flashing is installed around chimneys, vents, skylights, and other roof penetrations to prevent water from entering the building. Flashing is typically made of metal and is carefully sealed to ensure a watertight connection. Proper flashing is essential for preventing leaks and water damage around these vulnerable areas.
5. Shingle Installation
The asphalt shingles are installed in overlapping rows, starting from the bottom of the roof and working upwards. Each shingle is fastened to the roof deck using nails or staples. The shingles are aligned carefully to ensure a uniform and aesthetically pleasing appearance. Proper nailing techniques are essential for preventing shingles from blowing off in high winds.
6. Ridge Cap Installation
Ridge caps are installed along the ridge of the roof to provide a finished look and protect the ridge from water damage. The ridge caps are typically made of the same material as the shingles and are fastened to the roof deck using nails or staples.
7. Final Inspection
After the installation is complete, the roofing contractor will conduct a final inspection to ensure that all shingles are properly installed and that there are no leaks or other issues. Any necessary adjustments or repairs will be made to ensure a watertight and durable roof.
Maintaining Your Commercial Asphalt Roof
Regular maintenance is essential for extending the lifespan of your commercial asphalt roof and preventing costly problems. The following tips can help you keep your roof in good condition:
1. Regular Inspections
Inspect your roof at least twice a year, preferably in the spring and fall, to identify any signs of damage or wear. Look for cracked, curled, or missing shingles, as well as any signs of leaks or water damage. Early detection of problems can prevent them from escalating into more serious and expensive issues.
2. Gutter Cleaning
Keep your gutters clean and free of debris to ensure proper drainage. Clogged gutters can cause water to back up onto the roof, leading to leaks and water damage. Clean your gutters regularly, especially after heavy rain or snowfall.
3. Moss and Algae Removal
Moss and algae can grow on asphalt shingles, especially in shady or damp areas. These organisms can trap moisture and damage the shingles. Remove moss and algae using a soft brush and a mild detergent solution. Avoid using harsh chemicals or pressure washers, as they can damage the shingles.
4. Tree Trimming
Trim any trees that are overhanging your roof to prevent branches from rubbing against the shingles and causing damage. Falling branches can also puncture or damage the roof. Regular tree trimming can help protect your roof from these potential hazards.
5. Prompt Repairs
Address any leaks or damage promptly to prevent further deterioration. Even small leaks can cause significant water damage over time. Contact a qualified roofing contractor to repair any issues as soon as possible.
6. Professional Maintenance
Consider hiring a professional roofing contractor to perform regular maintenance on your roof. A professional can identify potential problems that you may not notice and can perform necessary repairs and maintenance to keep your roof in top condition.
Cost Considerations for Commercial Asphalt Roofing
The cost of commercial asphalt roofing can vary depending on several factors, including the type of roofing system, the size of the roof, the complexity of the installation, and the location of your building. It’s essential to obtain multiple quotes from reputable roofing contractors to get an accurate estimate of the cost of your project. Here are some of the key cost considerations:
1. Materials
The cost of the roofing materials will be a significant portion of the overall cost. BUR is typically the least expensive option, while modified bitumen and asphalt shingles may be more expensive. The specific type of shingle or membrane you choose will also affect the material cost. Architectural shingles, for example, are typically more expensive than traditional three-tab shingles.
2. Labor
Labor costs can vary depending on the complexity of the installation and the skill level of the roofing contractor. BUR installations can be more labor-intensive than modified bitumen or asphalt shingle installations. Obtaining multiple quotes from different contractors will allow you to compare labor costs and choose the most competitive option.
3. Roof Size and Complexity
The size and complexity of your roof will also affect the cost. Larger roofs will require more materials and labor, increasing the overall cost. Roofs with complex shapes, multiple penetrations, or steep slopes may also be more expensive to install.
4. Removal of Existing Roofing
If you need to remove an existing roof before installing a new one, this will add to the overall cost. The cost of removal will depend on the type of roofing material being removed and the complexity of the removal process. Asbestos-containing roofing materials, for example, require special handling and disposal procedures, which can increase the removal cost.
5. Permits and Inspections
Building permits are typically required for commercial roofing projects. The cost of the permit will vary depending on your local building codes. Inspections may also be required to ensure that the installation meets local building standards. Be sure to factor in the cost of permits and inspections when budgeting for your roofing project.
6. Additional Costs
Other potential costs to consider include:
* Structural repairs to the roof deck
* Flashing replacements
* Gutter replacements
* Skylight installations or replacements
* Hauling and disposal fees
Choosing a Commercial Roofing Contractor
Selecting the right commercial roofing contractor is essential for ensuring a successful roofing project. Here are some tips for choosing a qualified and reputable contractor:
1. Check Credentials and Licensing
Verify that the contractor is properly licensed and insured in your state or local area. Licensing ensures that the contractor meets certain standards of competence and professionalism. Insurance protects you from liability in case of accidents or damage during the project.
2. Review Experience and Expertise
Choose a contractor with extensive experience in commercial roofing. Ask about their past projects and their experience with the specific type of roofing system you are considering. A contractor with a proven track record is more likely to deliver a high-quality installation.
3. Obtain Multiple Bids
Get bids from at least three different contractors to compare pricing and services. Be sure to provide each contractor with the same information about your project to ensure accurate and comparable bids. Review the bids carefully to understand the scope of work, materials used, and warranty provided.
4. Check References and Reviews
Ask the contractor for references from previous clients and contact those references to inquire about their experience with the contractor. Read online reviews to get a sense of the contractor’s reputation and customer satisfaction.
5. Verify Insurance Coverage
Ensure the contractor carries adequate liability and workers’ compensation insurance. Request copies of their insurance certificates to verify coverage. This protects you from financial liability if workers are injured on your property or if your property is damaged during the project.
6. Review the Contract Carefully
Before signing a contract, read it carefully and make sure you understand all the terms and conditions. The contract should include a detailed description of the work to be performed, the materials to be used, the payment schedule, the warranty, and the start and completion dates. Don’t hesitate to ask questions or seek legal advice if you are unsure about any aspect of the contract.
Conclusion
Commercial asphalt roofing remains a popular and dependable choice for businesses seeking a cost-effective, durable, and aesthetically versatile roofing solution. By carefully considering the various types of asphalt roofing systems, their respective benefits, and the factors influencing installation and maintenance, you can make an informed decision that protects your commercial investment for years to come. Remember to prioritize proper installation by a qualified contractor and implement a proactive maintenance plan to maximize the lifespan and performance of your asphalt roof. With the right approach, your commercial asphalt roof will provide reliable protection and contribute to the overall value of your property.
